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Intuitions and Experiments: A Defense of the Case Method in Epistemology

Posted on May 23, 2016December 3, 2024 by Simon Fokt

Abstract: Many epistemologists use intuitive responses to particular cases as evidence for their theories. Recently, experimental philosophers have challenged the evidential value of intuitions, suggesting that our responses to particular cases are unstable, inconsistent with the responses of the untrained, and swayed by factors such as ethnicity and gender. This paper presents evidence that neither gender nor ethnicity influence epistemic intuitions, and that the standard responses to Gettier cases and the like are widely shared. It argues that epistemic intuitions are produced by the natural ‘mindreading’ capacity that underpins ordinary attributions of belief and knowledge in everyday social interaction. Although this capacity is fallible, its weaknesses are similar to the weaknesses of natural capacities such as sensory perception. Experimentalists who do not wish to be skeptical about ordinary empirical methods have no good reason to be skeptical about epistemic intuitions.

Posted in Mental States and Processes, Philosophical Media and Methodology, Theoretical EpistemologyTagged epistemology, experimental philosophy, Gettier, intuition, methodologyLeave a comment

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abortion aesthetics art art classification autonomy causation Chinese philosophy colonialism confucianism consciousness consent depiction desire disability epistemology equality ethics experimental philosophy feminism feminist philosophy fiction gender identity imagination justice Kant knowledge logic metaphysics methodology mind models perception philosophy of language philosophy of mind philosophy of religion philosophy of science portrait race representation responsibility science sex truth virtue

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